Semen analysis

Semen analysis, also known as a sperm test or semen examination, is a laboratory test performed to assess the quality and quantity of sperm in a man's semen. It is a crucial diagnostic tool in the evaluation of male fertility and reproductive health.

Here is a brief overview of semen analysis:

• Sample Collection: Semen is typically collected by ejaculation into a sterile container. It's important to collect a complete sample, and most labs recommend a period of sexual abstinence (usually 2-5 days) before the test.
• Sperm Count: One of the primary parameters assessed is sperm count, which measures the number of sperm in a given volume of semen. A normal sperm count typically ranges from 15 million to 200 million sperm per milliliter (mL).
• Sperm Motility: Sperm motility refers to the ability of sperm to swim and move forward. Semen analysis assesses the percentage of motile (moving) sperm and their quality of movement.
• Sperm Morphology: This aspect evaluates the shape and structure of sperm. Abnormalities in sperm morphology can affect fertility, as normally shaped sperm are more likely to successfully fertilize an egg.
• Semen Volume: The total volume of semen produced is measured in milliliters. A low volume can indicate problems with the seminal vesicles or other parts of the reproductive system.

Semen analysis is an essential tool for assessing male fertility and diagnosing potential issues that may affect a couple's ability to conceive. Abnormal results in any of the above parameters may suggest an underlying problem with sperm production, function, or transport, and further evaluation by a healthcare professional may be necessary. It's important to note that a single semen analysis may not provide a comprehensive picture of fertility, and it's often recommended to perform multiple tests over time for a more accurate assessment.